Defining, Conceptualising and Measuring the Digital Economy: Development Informatics

Defining, Conceptualising and Measuring the Digital Economy: Development Informatics

The digital economy is growing fast, especially in developing countries. Yet the meaning and metrics of the digital economy are both limited and divergent. The aim of this paper is to review what is currently known in order to develop a definition of the digital economy, and an estimate of its size. The paper argues there are three scopes of relevance. The core of the digital economy is the ‘digital sector’: the IT/ICT sector producing foundational digital goods and services. The true ‘digital economy’ – defined as “that part of economic output derived solely or primarily from digital
technologies with a business model based on digital goods or services” – consists of the digital sector plus emerging digital and platform services. The widest scope – use of ICTs in all economic fields – is here referred to as the ‘digitalised economy’. Following a review of measurement challenges, the paper estimates the digital economy as defined here to make up around 5% of global GDP and 3% of global employment. Behind this lies significant unevenness: the global North has had the lion’s share of the digital economy to date, but growth rates are fastest in the global South. Yet potential growth could be much higher: further research to understand more about the barriers to and impacts of the digital economy in developing countries is therefore a priority.

https://diodeweb.files.wordpress.com/2017/08/diwkppr68-diode.pdf

Culture, technology, and process in ‘media theories’: Toward a shift in the understanding of media in organizational research

Culture, technology, and process in ‘media theories’: Toward a shift in the understanding of media in organizational research

The concept of ‘media’ can provide an anchor point for developing organizational theories about information and communication technologies, materiality, communication, and organizational change. However, to date, organizational research often takes the meaning of the term media for granted. This article
therefore explores various conceptions of media, outlining how such theories can be used for advancing the conception of media in organizational research. Using three ideal-typical branches of conceptions of media, we explore key concerns regarding media in existing literature outside of organizational research. First, the culture and power branch problematizes how cultural practices and power structures are
inscribed through media; second, the technology and infrastructure branch emphasizes the inherent ‘eigenlogik’ of media technology; and third, the process and change branch explores how existing economic and aesthetic conventions in media persist over time. Using organizational media in general and enterprise social media in particular we discuss how each of these three ideal-typical branches offer pathways for organizational research. Specifically we argue for shifting the use of the term media beyond merely describing tools for communication as media theories offer insights for understanding the longterm consequences of materiality and ontological co-constitution within sociomaterial assemblages

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1350508419855702

Youth’s Usage of New Media: Exploring Learning and Identity Formation

Youth’s Usage of New Media: Exploring Learning and Identity Formation

This study investigated youth’s usage of new media technologies in and out of school as well as how it relates to learning and identity formation. Even though youth’s usage of new media in school is inferior compared to out of school, it does not mean that both contexts are disconnected. In fact, there is a possible relationship established between both contexts and such connection can prove to be significant for youth’s learning and identity formation. Communities of Practice (COPs) was adopted as the theoretical foundation of the study. The research method employed was case study. Data collection involved six 13 years old students from two secondary schools in Malaysia. They were interviewed, directly observed during classes and tasked to complete a media diary out of school. The findings of the study indicate that, despite the differences in youth’s new media practices in and out of school, relationship exists between both contexts through the multi-membership dimensions of COPs. It was also found that, the experience of participating in different practices in and out of school is significant for youth’s formation of identity. Learning is embedded within youth’s participation in everyday new media practices. Hence, it is important for schools to understand youth’s new media experience and to relate it with classroom learning.

https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4101&context=tqr

A new understanding of ‘New Media’: Online platforms as digital mediums

A new understanding of ‘New Media’: Online platforms as digital mediums

For the last few decades, media theorists have been faced with the understanding that the networked digital computer is the meta-medium to end all mediums. This places researchers in the curious position where online platforms, such as YouTube, cannot legitimately and directly be contrasted with traditional analogue mediums, such as cinema and television. To address this inconsistency, I developed the theory of foundation technologies and their respective proto-affordances, which demonstrates the existence of past periods of ‘new media’. These were brought about by the introduction of key technologies that each offered, at the time, a new and unique underlying affordance to a society. Each new ‘proto-affordance’ inspired social disruption, as new specific mediums were spawned – each remediating existing mediums of similar mode. This framework shows digitality as another evolutionary step in a line of foundation technologies, which includes the artefact, the machine and electricity. The theory of foundation technologies permits software-based online platforms, such as YouTube, SoundCloud and Twitter, to be called digital mediums, and thus aids in understanding their technological substrate and unique affordances. Justifying this relation between old mediums and new, digital, ones equips us to more effectively comprehend and analyse these platforms as to their social adoption and uses, cultural practices, implications and effects. This allows us to better understand and control our present, and even guide our potential future.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1354856517738159

Understanding Web 2.0 service models: A knowledge-creating perspective

Understanding Web 2.0 service models: A knowledge-creating perspective

We examined Web 2.0 services that provide different levels of knowledge exploitation and developed a framework for classifying existing service models from a knowledge-creation perspective. More than 1000 Web 2.0 application sites were analyzed and classified. We termed the two types of service platforms: Experience-Socialization and Intelligence-Proliferation. These involved four types of service models that we termed as Exchanger, Aggregator, Collaborator, and Liberator. These models show the diversity of existing Web 2.0 applications and provide a framework for a better understanding of operating patterns and value propositions within the Web 2.0 paradigm.

https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0378720611000371?token=978636F4F05229B0D92485669C187D4522B18F8815A000013A22B1E40893FF4F8002AA3BAC735BB9C0761BC654FCA262

Managing Decision-Making and Cannibalization for Parallel Business Models

Managing Decision-Making and Cannibalization for Parallel Business Models

This paper examines how a firm can manage the decision-making and cannibalization processes when a new and an existing business model need to be run in parallel. We present an in-depth longitudinal case study of a major bank in the US corporate bond trading market that launched a disruptive business model and ran it alongside its existing well-established and successful business model. The study shows how the firm conducting a staged decision making process that balanced procedural rationality and political expediency facilitates and helped resolve the paradoxes involved in running conflicting business models. We contribute to the decision making literature by showing how the mechanisms for balancing procedural rationality and politics facilitated the management of the decision-making and cannibalization processes and so enable existing and disruptive business models to

https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0024630113000496?token=4444902948AF81A266B507E801C30B3F64C2F13391F42F4D306A88B5529C6A354AD3DCD116E14AC039BC02CF22165A78